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Postpartum bleeding or postpartum hemorrhage ( PPH) is often defined as the loss of more than 500 ml or 1,000 ml of blood following childbirth. [ 2] Some have added the requirement that there also be signs or symptoms of low blood volume for the condition to exist. [ 6] Signs and symptoms may initially include: an increased heart rate, feeling ...
Uterine atony. Uterine atony is the failure of the uterus to contract adequately following delivery. Contraction of the uterine muscles during labor compresses the blood vessels and slows flow, which helps prevent hemorrhage and facilitates coagulation. Therefore, a lack of uterine muscle contraction can lead to an acute hemorrhage, as the ...
Abnormal bleeding after delivery, or postpartum hemorrhage, is the loss of greater than 500 ml of blood following vaginal delivery, or 1000 ml of blood following cesarean section. Other definitions of excessive postpartum bleeding are hemodynamic instability, drop of hemoglobin of more than 10%, or requiring blood transfusion. In the literature ...
Uterine artery embolization is a procedure in which an interventional radiologist uses a catheter to deliver small particles that block the blood supply to the uterine body. The procedure is primarily done for the treatment of uterine fibroids and adenomyosis. [ 1][ 2] Since uterine fibroids are the most common indication, it is also often ...
The postpartum (or postnatal) period begins after childbirth and is typically considered to last for six weeks. [ 1] There are three distinct phases of the postnatal period; the acute phase, lasting for six to twelve hours after birth; the subacute phase, lasting six weeks; and the delayed phase, lasting up to six months.
Hypercoagulability in pregnancy is the propensity of pregnant women to develop thrombosis (blood clots). Pregnancy itself is a factor of hypercoagulability (pregnancy-induced hypercoagulability), as a physiologically adaptive mechanism to prevent post partum bleeding. [ 1] However, when combined with an additional underlying hypercoagulable ...
Obstetrics and gynaecology. Retained placenta is a condition in which all or part of the placenta or membranes remain in the uterus during the third stage of labour. [ 1] Retained placenta can be broadly divided into: failed separation of the placenta from the uterine lining. placenta separated from the uterine lining but retained within the ...
Gynecologic hemorrhage. Gynecologic hemorrhage represents excessive bleeding of the female reproductive system. [1] [2] Such bleeding could be visible or external, namely bleeding from the vagina, or it could be internal into the pelvic cavity or form a hematoma. Normal menstruation is not considered a gynecologic hemorrhage, as it is not ...