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  2. Switch statement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switch_statement

    In computer programming languages, a switch statement is a type of selection control mechanism used to allow the value of a variable or expression to change the control flow of program execution via search and map. Switch statements function somewhat similarly to the if statement used in programming languages like C / C++, C#, Visual Basic .NET ...

  3. Decimal separator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decimal_separator

    Three ways to group the number ten thousand with digit group separators. 1) Space, the internationally recommended thousands separator. 2) Period (or full stop), the thousands separator used in many non-English speaking countries. 3) Comma, the thousands separator used in most English-speaking countries. A decimal separator is a symbol that ...

  4. Monty Hall problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monty_Hall_problem

    [50] [13] [49] The conditional probability of winning by switching is ⁠ 1/3 / 1/3 + 1/6 ⁠, which is ⁠ 2 / 3 ⁠. [2] The conditional probability table below shows how 300 cases, in all of which the player initially chooses door 1, would be split up, on average, according to the location of the car and the choice of door to open by the host.

  5. Floating-point arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floating-point_arithmetic

    In computing, floating-point arithmetic ( FP) is arithmetic that represents subsets of real numbers using an integer with a fixed precision, called the significand, scaled by an integer exponent of a fixed base. Numbers of this form are called floating-point numbers. [ 1]: 3 [ 2]: 10 For example, 12.345 is a floating-point number in base ten ...

  6. Hexadecimal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexadecimal

    v. t. e. In mathematics and computing, the hexadecimal (also base-16 or simply hex) numeral system is a positional numeral system that represents numbers using a radix (base) of sixteen. Unlike the decimal system representing numbers using ten symbols, hexadecimal uses sixteen distinct symbols, most often the symbols "0"–"9" to represent ...

  7. Signal-to-noise ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal-to-noise_ratio

    The plots at the bottom show the signal intensity in the indicated row of the image (red: original signal, blue: with noise). Signal-to-noise ratio ( SNR or S/N) is a measure used in science and engineering that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise. SNR is defined as the ratio of signal power to noise power ...

  8. Two's complement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two's_complement

    Two's complement is the most common method of representing signed (positive, negative, and zero) integers on computers, [1] and more generally, fixed point binary values. Two's complement uses the binary digit with the greatest value as the sign to indicate whether the binary number is positive or negative; when the most significant bit is 1 the number is signed as negative and when the most ...

  9. Fixed-point arithmetic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed-point_arithmetic

    A fixed-point representation of a fractional number is essentially an integer that is to be implicitly multiplied by a fixed scaling factor. For example, the value 1.23 can be stored in a variable as the integer value 1230 with implicit scaling factor of 1/1000 (meaning that the last 3 decimal digits are implicitly assumed to be a decimal fraction), and the value 1 230 000 can be represented ...