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United States. In the United States, a security clearance is an official determination that an individual may access information classified by the United States Government. Security clearances are hierarchical; each level grants the holder access to information in that level and the levels below it.
The choice of level is based on an impact assessment; governments have their own criteria, including how to determine the classification of an information asset and rules on how to protect information classified at each level. This process often includes security clearances for personnel handling the information.
The lower-level L clearance is sufficient for access to Secret Formerly Restricted Data and National Security Information, as well as Confidential Restricted Data and Formerly Restricted Data. [58] In practice, access to Restricted Data is granted, on a need-to-know basis, to personnel with appropriate clearances.
Sensitive compartmented information ( SCI) is a type of United States classified information concerning or derived from sensitive intelligence sources, methods, or analytical processes. All SCI must be handled within formal access control systems established by the Director of National Intelligence. [ 1]
T3 or T3R - Tier 3 or Tier 3 Reinvestigation, now replace all NACLC. T5 and T5R - Tier 5 or Tier 5 Reinvestigation, now replace SSBI and SBPR respectively. Yankee White – An investigation required for personnel working with the President and Vice President of the United States. Obtaining such clearance requires, in part, an SSBI.
The National Security Act, 2017 is a Canadian statute enacted by the Parliament of Canada to reform the oversight of the National Security Agencies of Canada, including the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) and the Communications Security Establishment (CSE). It also makes various adjustments to ...
The security policy must be explicit, well-defined, and enforced by the computer system. Three basic security policies are specified: [6] Mandatory Security Policy – Enforces access control rules based directly on an individual's clearance, authorization for the information and the confidentiality level of the information being sought.
A biosafety level ( BSL ), or pathogen/protection level, is a set of biocontainment precautions required to isolate dangerous biological agents in an enclosed laboratory facility. The levels of containment range from the lowest biosafety level 1 (BSL-1) to the highest at level 4 (BSL-4). In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and ...