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Opioid use disorder ( OUD) is a substance use disorder characterized by cravings for opioids, continued use despite physical and/or psychological deterioration, increased tolerance with use, and withdrawal symptoms after discontinuing opioids. [ 12] Opioid withdrawal symptoms include nausea, muscle aches, diarrhea, trouble sleeping, agitation ...
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) or opioid-induced abnormal pain sensitivity, also called paradoxical hyperalgesia, is an uncommon condition of generalized pain caused by the long-term use of high dosages of opioids [ 1] such as morphine, [ 2] oxycodone, [ 3] and methadone. [ 4][ 5] OIH is not necessarily confined to the original affected site ...
Pain. Morphine is used primarily to treat both acute and chronic severe pain. Its duration of analgesia is about three to seven hours. [ 12][ 13] Side-effects of nausea and constipation are rarely severe enough to warrant stopping treatment. It is used for pain due to myocardial infarction and for labor pains. [ 12]
Nicotine dependence is a chronic, relapsing disease defined as a compulsive craving to use the drug, despite social consequences, loss of control over drug intake, and emergence of withdrawal symptoms. [5] Tolerance is another component of drug dependence. [6] Nicotine dependence develops over time as a person continues to use nicotine. [6]
over 110,000 (2017) An opioid overdose is toxicity due to excessive consumption of opioids, such as morphine, codeine, heroin, fentanyl, tramadol, and methadone. [ 3][ 5] This preventable pathology can be fatal if it leads to respiratory depression, a lethal condition that can cause hypoxia from slow and shallow breathing. [ 3]
Amorphinism refers to the mental and physical symptoms arising when a morphine-addict is deprived of morphine. Morphine is a potent opioid agonist derived from poppy plants and was originally used as a painkiller before being abused for euphoric and relieving purposes. It gave rise to morphine dependence, which caused the development of ...
Morphine addiction cure advertisement in the year 1900. Opiate withdrawal syndrome effects are associated with the abrupt cessation or reduction of prolonged opiate usage. The manifestation of opiate dependence and abuse relies on a variety of factors, including the opiate's pharmacokinetic properties and the user's predisposition for addiction ...
Barbiturate dependence. Specialty. Psychiatry, narcology, addiction medicine. Barbiturate dependence develops with regular use of barbiturates. This in turn may lead to a need for increasing doses of the drug to get the original desired pharmacological or therapeutic effect. [1] Barbiturate use can lead to both addiction and physical dependence ...