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The Scale of the Universeis an interactive online visualization tool first created in 2010 by Cary and Michael Huang, two brothers from Moraga, California. [1][2][3][4][5]Released on both Newgroundsand the Huang brothers' personal web page, it features a scrollbarthat players can use to navigate through orders of magnitudeand view various ...
The universe is bathed in highly isotropic microwave radiation that corresponds to a thermal equilibrium blackbody spectrum of roughly 2.72548 kelvins. [7] The hypothesis that the large-scale universe is homogeneous and isotropic is known as the cosmological principle. [116]
The observable universe is a ball-shaped region of the universe consisting of all matter that can be observed from Earth or its space-based telescopes and exploratory probes at the present time; the electromagnetic radiation from these objects has had time to reach the Solar System and Earth since the beginning of the cosmological expansion.
The Big Bang is a physical theory that describes how the universe expanded from an initial state of high density and temperature. [ 1] It was first proposed as a physical theory in 1931 by Roman Catholic priest and physicist Georges Lemaître when he suggested the universe emerged from a "primeval atom". Various cosmological models of the Big ...
From about 9.8 billion years of cosmic time, [13] the universe's large-scale behavior is believed to have gradually changed for the third time in its history. Its behavior had originally been dominated by radiation (relativistic constituents such as photons and neutrinos) for the first 47,000 years, and since about 370,000 years of cosmic time ...
In physical cosmology, the shape of the universe refers to both its local and global geometry. Local geometry is defined primarily by its curvature, while the global geometry is characterised by its topology (which itself is constrained by curvature). General relativity explains how spatial curvature (local geometry) is constrained by gravity.
In physical cosmology, structure formation describes the creation of galaxies, galaxy clusters, and larger structures starting from small fluctuations in mass density resulting from processes that created matter. The universe, as is now known from observations of the cosmic microwave background radiation, began in a hot, dense, nearly uniform ...
Cosmological horizon. A cosmological horizon is a measure of the distance from which one could possibly retrieve information. [ 1] This observable constraint is due to various properties of general relativity, the expanding universe, and the physics of Big Bang cosmology. Cosmological horizons set the size and scale of the observable universe.