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Donabedian model. The Donabedian model is a conceptual model that provides a framework for examining health services and evaluating quality of health care. [ 1] According to the model, information about quality of care can be drawn from three categories: “structure,” “process,” and “outcomes." [ 2] Structure describes the context in ...
Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in a defined population . It is a cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare.
Preventive healthcare, or prophylaxis, is the application of healthcare measures to prevent diseases. [ 1] Disease and disability are affected by environmental factors, genetic predisposition, disease agents, and lifestyle choices, and are dynamic processes that begin before individuals realize they are affected.
In psychology. In psychology, the term medical model refers to the assumption that psychopathology is the result of one's biology, that is to say, a physical/organic problem in brain structures, neurotransmitters, genetics, the endocrine system, etc., as with traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, or Down's syndrome.
Genetics. Personalized medicine, also referred to as precision medicine, is a medical model that separates people into different groups —with medical decisions, practices, interventions and/or products being tailored to the individual patient based on their predicted response or risk of disease. [ 1] The terms personalized medicine, precision ...
Health policy and management. Health policy and management is the field relating to leadership, management, and administration of public health systems, health care systems, hospitals, and hospital networks. Health care administrators are considered health care professionals.
PICO process. The PICO process (or framework) is a mnemonic used in evidence-based practice (and specifically evidence-based medicine) to frame and answer a clinical or health care related question, [ 1] though it is also argued that PICO "can be used universally for every scientific endeavour in any discipline with all study designs". [ 2]
George Foster explains naturalistic disease theory as following an "equilibrium model" in which health results from ideal balances of well being appropriate to one's age, condition, and environment. Imbalances in these systems result in illness through impersonal and systematic mechanisms. [ 1] One example of a naturalistic disease theory is ...