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Moissanite (/ ˈmɔɪsəˌnaɪt /) [5] is naturally occurring silicon carbide and its various crystalline polymorphs. It has the chemical formula SiC and is a rare mineral, discovered by the French chemist Henri Moissan in 1893. Silicon carbide or moissanite is useful for commercial and industrial applications due to its hardness, optical ...
It is a hydrated sodium and aluminium silicate with the formula Na 2 Al 2 Si 3 O 10·2H2O. [4] The type locality is Hohentwiel, Hegau, Germany. [3] It was named natrolite by Martin Heinrich Klaproth in 1803. [3] The name is derived from natron (νατρών), the Greek word for soda, in reference to the sodium content, and lithos (λίθος ...
Jet (gemstone) Jet is a type of lignite, [1] the lowest rank of coal, and is a gemstone. Unlike many gemstones, jet is not a mineral, but is rather a mineraloid. [2] It is derived from wood that has changed under extreme pressure. The English noun jet derives from the French word for the same material, jaiet (modern French jais), ultimately ...
Obsidian (/ əbˈsɪdi.ən, ɒb -/ əb-SID-ee-ən ob-) [5] is a naturally occurring volcanic glass formed when lava extruded from a volcano cools rapidly with minimal crystal growth. It is an igneous rock. [6] Obsidian is produced from felsic lava, rich in the lighter elements such as silicon, oxygen, aluminum, sodium, and potassium.
Poudretteite is an extremely rare mineral and gemstone that was first discovered as minute crystals in Mont St. Hilaire, Quebec, Canada, during the 1960s. [6] The mineral was named for the Poudrette family because they operated a quarry in the Mont St. Hilaire area where poudretteite was originally found, and the quarry is currently owned by the United Kingdom based Salmon Mining Industries ...
Helenite. Helenite, also known as Mount St. Helens obsidian, emerald obsidianite, and ruby obsidianite, is a glass made from the fused volcanic rock dust from Mount St. Helens and marketed as a gemstone. [1][2] Helenite was first created accidentally after the eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980. Workers from the Weyerhaeuser Timber Company ...
Actinolite is commonly found in metamorphic rocks, such as contact aureoles surrounding cooled intrusive igneous rocks. It also occurs as a product of metamorphism of magnesium-rich limestones. The old mineral name uralite is at times applied to an alteration product of primary pyroxene by a mixture composed largely of actinolite.
Sunrise Ruby. The Sunrise Ruby. The Sunrise Ruby[1][2][3] is the world's most expensive ruby, most expensive coloured gemstone, and most expensive gemstone other than a diamond. [2][3][4] Originally mined in Myanmar, its current name is derived from a poem of the same name, written by the 13th-century Sufi poet Rumi. [5]