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Website. ielts .org. International English Language Testing System ( IELTS / ˈaɪ.ɛlts /) [ 6] is an international standardized test of English language proficiency for non-native English language speakers. It is jointly managed by the British Council, IDP and Cambridge English, [ 6] and was established in 1989.
Test of English as a Foreign Language ( TOEFL / ˈtoʊfəl / TOH-fəl) is a standardized test to measure the English language ability of non-native speakers wishing to enroll in English-speaking universities. The test is accepted by more than 11,000 universities and other institutions in over 190 countries and territories.
The International Test of English Proficiency or iTEP is a language assessment tool that measures the English skills of non-native English speakers. The test is supported by more than 700 institutions [ 1] including the California State University system. [ 2][ 3] The test is available in more than 40 countries, and is also used by businesses ...
Extensive reading ( ER) is the process of reading longer, easier texts for an extended period of time without a breakdown of comprehension, feeling overwhelmed, or the need to take breaks. [ 1][ 2] It stands in contrast to intensive or academic reading, which is focused on a close reading of dense, shorter texts, typically not read for pleasure ...
Reading is the process of taking in the sense or meaning of letters, symbols, etc., especially by sight or touch. [1] [2] [3] [4]For educators and researchers, reading is a multifaceted process involving such areas as word recognition, orthography (spelling), alphabetics, phonics, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency, and motivation.
Reading comprehensionis the ability to process written text, understandits meaning, and to integrate with what the reader already knows. [1][2][3][4]Reading comprehensionrelies on two abilities that are connected to each other: word reading and language comprehension.[5] Comprehension specifically is a "creative, multifaceted process" that is ...
"The Flesch–Kincaid" (F–K) reading grade level was developed under contract to the U.S. Navy in 1975 by J. Peter Kincaid and his team. [1] Related U.S. Navy research directed by Kincaid delved into high-tech education (for example, the electronic authoring and delivery of technical information), [2] usefulness of the Flesch–Kincaid readability formula, [3] computer aids for editing tests ...
The Michigan English Test ( MET) is a multilevel, modular English language examination, which measures English language proficiency in personal, public, occupational and educational contexts. [ 1] It is developed by CaMLA, a not-for-profit collaboration between the University of Michigan and the University of Cambridge and has been in use since ...