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Active transport. In cellular biology, active is the movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration —against the concentration gradient. Active transport requires cellular energy to achieve this movement. There are two types of active transport: primary active ...
Exocytosis ( / ˌɛksoʊsaɪˈtoʊsɪs / [ 1][ 2]) is a form of active transport and bulk transport in which a cell transports molecules (e.g., neurotransmitters and proteins) out of the cell ( exo- + cytosis ). As an active transport mechanism, exocytosis requires the use of energy to transport material. Exocytosis and its counterpart ...
In contrast, paracellular transport is the transfer of substances across an epithelium by passing through an intercellular space between the cells. 1. It differs from transcellular transport, where the substances travel through the cell passing through both the apical membrane and basolateral membrane. 2. Renal physiology.
Cell cycle. Onion ( Allium) cells in different phases of the cell cycle. Growth in an ' organism ' is carefully controlled by regulating the cell cycle. Cell cycle in Deinococcus radiodurans. The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the sequential series of events that take place in a cell that causes it to divide into two daughter cells.
Cell biology is the study of the structural and functional units of cells. Cell biology encompasses both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and has many subtopics which may include the study of cell metabolism, cell communication, cell cycle, biochemistry, and cell composition. The study of cells is performed using several microscopy techniques ...
The cell on the left is going through mitosis and its chromosomes have condensed. Cell nucleus: A cell's information center, the cell nucleus is the most conspicuous organelle found in a eukaryotic cell. It houses the cell's chromosomes, and is the place where almost all DNA replication and RNA synthesis (transcription) occur.
An active site contains a binding site that binds the substrate and orients it for catalysis. The orientation of the substrate and the close proximity between it and the active site is so important that in some cases the enzyme can still function properly even though all other parts are mutated and lose function.
Endocytosis. Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell. The material to be internalized is surrounded by an area of cell membrane, which then buds off inside the cell to form a vesicle containing the ingested materials. Endocytosis includes pinocytosis (cell drinking) and phagocytosis (cell eating).