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The Ciénagas del Catatumbo National Park [1] (Spanish: Parque nacional Ciénagas del Catatumbo) [2] Also Catatumbo Marshes National Park or Ciénagas de Juan Manuel National Park Is a protected area [3] of Venezuela. [4] The park is the second natural park of the Zulia state. [5] It includes a segment of the Catatumbo moist forests ecoregion. [6]
The Catatumbo moist forests ecoregion is in western Venezuela and northeastern Colombia found on both sides of Lake Maracaibo. To the west it extends to the foothills of the Cordillera Oriental of the Colombian Andes, and in the south reaches the foothills of the Venezuelan Andes. It has an area of 802,896 hectares (1,984,000 acres).
The Catatumbo River (Spanish: Río Catatumbo) is a river rising in northern Colombia, flowing into Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela. The Catatumbo River is approximately 340 kilometres (210 mi) long. It forms a part of the international boundary between the two countries. The river's name means "House of Thunder" in the language of the Bari people. [1]
With a surface area of 13,512 km 2 (5,217 sq mi), it is the largest lake in South America and one of the oldest on Earth, having formed disputably as a lake 36 million years ago in the Andes Mountains. The lake is connected to the Gulf of Venezuela to the north by a narrow spit. It is fed by numerous rivers, the biggest being the Catatumbo ...
It originates from a mass of storm clouds at an altitude of more than 1 km (0.6 mi), and occurs for 140 to 160 nights a year, nine hours per day, and with lightning flashes from 16 to 40 times per minute. [3] It occurs over and around Lake Maracaibo, typically over a bog area formed where the Catatumbo River flows into the lake. [4]
Río de Oro has its source on the eastern slope of the serranía de Los Motilones, in the Catatumbo Barí Natural Park (extreme north of the Norte de Santander Department of Colombia). It then flows eastward following the Venezuelan border , [1] going to Venezuela then join the Catatumbo River [2] in the state of Zulia .
The Catatumbo River is a fast flowing river, originating as the confluence of the Peralonso, Sardinata and Zulia Rivers in the central valley of Norte de Santander. The upper part of the river is sourced from the highlands near the Macho Rucio Peak ("gray mule peak"), located in the south of Ocaña province.
The Catatumbo campaign has been an ongoing period of strategic violence between militia faction groups in the Catatumbo region of Colombia and Venezuela since January 2018. It is an extension of the War on drugs and developed after the Colombian peace process of 2016.