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Functional psychology. Functional psychology or functionalism refers to a psychological school of thought that was a direct outgrowth of Darwinian thinking which focuses attention on the utility and purpose of behavior that has been modified over years of human existence. [1] Edward L. Thorndike, best known for his experiments with trial-and ...
t. e. Cognitive psychology is the scientific study of mental processes such as attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity, and reasoning. [1] Cognitive psychology originated in the 1960s in a break from behaviorism, which held from the 1920s to 1950s that unobservable mental processes were outside the realm of ...
School of thought. A school of thought, or intellectual tradition, is the perspective of a group of people who share common characteristics of opinion or outlook of a philosophy, [1] discipline, belief, social movement, economics, cultural movement, or art movement. [2]
In psychology, constructivism refers to many schools of thought that, though extraordinarily different in their techniques (applied in fields such as education and psychotherapy), are all connected by a common critique of previous standard approaches, and by shared assumptions about the active constructive nature of human knowledge. In ...
Complete list. The list below includes all these, and other, influential schools of thought in psychology: Experimental analysis of behavior - the school descended from B.F. Skinner 's work. Radical behaviorism - often considered a school of philosophy, not psychology.
The extent to which Gestalt psychology influenced Gestalt therapy is disputed. On one hand, Laura Perls preferred not to use the term "Gestalt" to name the emerging new therapy, because she thought that the Gestalt psychologists would object to it; [21] on the other hand, Fritz and Laura Perls clearly adopted some of Goldstein's work. [22]
In psychology, cognitivism is a theoretical framework for understanding the mind that gained credence in the 1950s. The movement was a response to behaviorism, which cognitivists said neglected to explain cognition. Cognitive psychology derived its name from the Latin cognoscere, referring to knowing and information, thus cognitive psychology ...
Humanistic psychology. Humanistic psychology is a psychological perspective that arose in the mid-20th century in answer to two theories: Sigmund Freud 's psychoanalytic theory and B. F. Skinner 's behaviorism. [ 1 ] Thus, Abraham Maslow established the need for a "third force" in psychology. [ 2 ] The school of thought of humanistic psychology ...