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Punched cards. A punched card is a flexible write-once medium that encodes data, most commonly 80 characters. Groups or "decks" of cards form programs and collections of data. The term is often used interchangeably with punch card, the difference being that an unused card is a "punch card," but once information had been encoded by punching ...
A 12-row/80-column IBM punched card from the mid-twentieth century. A punched card (also punch card[ 1] or punched-card[ 2]) is a piece of card stock that stores digital data using punched holes. Punched cards were once common in data processing and the control of automated machines . Punched cards were widely used in the 20th century, where ...
Punched card input/output. A computer punched card reader or just computer card reader is a computer input device used to read computer programs in either source or executable form and data from punched cards. A computer card punch is a computer output device that punches holes in cards. Sometimes computer punch card readers were combined with ...
IBM 2501 reader. IBM 1442 [1] [2] is a combination IBM card reader and card punch. It reads and punches 80-column IBM-format punched cards [3] and is used on the IBM 1440, the IBM 1130, the IBM 1800 [4] and System/360 [5] and is an option on the IBM System/3. [6]
The punch card project was so extensive and immediate that the War Relocation Authority subcontracted the function to IBM. [1] IBM equipment was used for cryptography by US Army and Navy organisations, Arlington Hall and OP-20-G and similar Allied organisations using Hollerith punched cards (Central Bureau and the Far East Combined Bureau).
The IBM 519 Document-Originating Machine, introduced in 1946, was the last in a series of unit record machines designed for automated preparation of punched cards. Others in the series included the IBM 513 & IBM 514 Reproducing Punch. The 519, which was "state of the art for the time", [1] could: The reproducing, gangpunching, summary punching ...
An aperture card is a type of punched card with a cut-out window into which a chip of microfilm is mounted. Such a card is used for archiving or for making multiple inexpensive copies of a document for ease of distribution. The card is typically punched with machine-readable metadata associated with the microfilm image, and printed across the ...
Lace card. A lace card is a punched card with all holes punched (also called a whoopee card, ventilator card, flyswatter card, or IBM doily ). They were mainly used as practical jokes to cause disruption in card readers. Card readers tended to jam when a lace card was inserted, as the resulting card had insufficient structural integrity to ...