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35094-2. Blood pressure ( BP) is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels. Most of this pressure results from the heart pumping blood through the circulatory system. When used without qualification, the term "blood pressure" refers to the pressure in a brachial artery, where it is most commonly measured.
Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure. [ 1] It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). It represents the force that the heart generates each time it contracts. Healthy pulse pressure is around 40 mmHg. [ 1][ 2] A pulse pressure that is consistently 60 mmHg or greater is likely to be associated with ...
The pathophysiology of hypertension is an area which attempts to explain mechanistically the causes of hypertension, which is a chronic disease characterized by elevation of blood pressure. Hypertension can be classified by cause as either essential (also known as primary or idiopathic) or secondary. About 90–95% of hypertension is essential ...
Ambulatory blood pressure, as opposed to office blood pressure, is the blood pressure over the course of the full 24-hour sleep-wake cycle. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring ( ABPM) measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. It avoids the white coat hypertension effect in which a patient's blood pressure is ...
Central venous pressure ( CVP) is the blood pressure in the venae cavae, near the right atrium of the heart. CVP reflects the amount of blood returning to the heart and the ability of the heart to pump the blood back into the arterial system. CVP is often a good approximation of right atrial pressure (RAP), [ 1] although the two terms are not ...
Orthostatic hypertension involving the systolic BP is known as systolic orthostatic hypertension . High diastolic blood pressure measured while standing in a person who stood up shortly after waking up. When it affects an individual's ability to remain upright, orthostatic hypertension is considered as a form of orthostatic intolerance.
Regarding ideal numbers, the famous M.D. says: "Your blood pressure is supposed to be under 140 over 90, optimally closer to 120 over 80." He went on to call the test "life-saving" and "the single ...
Essential hypertension (also called primary hypertension, or idiopathic hypertension) is a form of hypertension without an identifiable physiologic cause. [ 1][ 2] It is the most common type affecting 85% of those with high blood pressure. [ 3][ 4] The remaining 15% is accounted for by various causes of secondary hypertension. [ 3]