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The public sector, also called the state sector, is the part of the economy composed of both public services and public enterprises. Public sectors include the public goods and governmental services such as the military, law enforcement, infrastructure, public transit, public education, along with health care and those working for the ...
e. Public economics (or economics of the public sector) is the study of government policy through the lens of economic efficiency and equity. Public economics builds on the theory of welfare economics and is ultimately used as a tool to improve social welfare. Welfare can be defined in terms of well-being, prosperity, and overall state of being.
As Daniel Disalvo notes, "In today's public sector, good pay, generous benefits, and job security make possible a stable middle-class existence for nearly everyone from janitors to jailors." [21] In 2009 the U.S. membership of public sector unions surpassed membership of private sector unions for the first time, at 7.9m and 7.4m respectively. [22]
Public budgeting is a field of public administration and a discipline in the academic study of public administration. Budgeting is characterized by its approaches, functions, formation, and type. Authors Robert W. Smith and Thomas D. Lynch describe public budgeting through four perspectives: incrementalism, comprehensive planning, decision ...
The North American Industry Classification System definition of the Public Administration sector (NAICS 91) states that public administration "... comprises establishments primarily engaged in activities of a governmental nature, that is, the enactment and judicial interpretation of laws and their pursuant regulations, and the administration of ...
Central public sector enterprises (CPSEs) are those companies in which the direct holding of the Central Government or other CPSEs is 51% or more. As on 31.3.2015 there were 298 CPSEs wherein, 63 enterprises are yet to commence commercial operation.
Ministry of Health (Manatū Hauora) HealthPAC. Medsafe (New Zealand Medicines and Medical Devices Safety Authority) National Radiation Laboratory. National Health Committee. New Zealand Health Information Service. Ministry of Housing and Urban Development (Te Tūāpapa Kura Kāinga) Ministry of Justice (Tāhū o te Ture) Crime Prevention Unit.
A public service or service of general (economic) interest is any service intended to address specific needs pertaining to the aggregate members of a community. [1] [2] Public services are available to people within a government jurisdiction as provided directly through public sector agencies or via public financing to private businesses or ...