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In 2010, Switzerland's Federal Supreme Court struck down two laws that limited access to gender-affirming surgery. These included requirements of at least 2 years of psychotherapy before health insurance was obligated to cover the cost of gender-affirming surgery [31] [32] and inability to procreate. [33]
The rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender ( LGBT) people in Thailand are regarded as some of the most comprehensive of those in Asia. [5] [6] [7] Both male and female same-sex sexual activity are legal, and the law legalizing same sex marriage is pending the royal assent. [7] Thailand was the first Asian UN member state to pass a ...
It is also known as sex reassignment surgery, gender confirmation surgery, and several other names. Professional medical organizations have established Standards of Care , which apply before someone can apply for and receive reassignment surgery, including psychological evaluation, and a period of real-life experience living in the desired gender.
Beginning in the mid-1980s, however, transgender individuals were officially recognized by the government, under condition of undergoing sex reassignment surgery, with some financial assistance being provided by the government for the costs of surgery, and with a change of sex marker on birth certificates available post-surgery.
The region of Andalusia was the first to approve sex reassignment procedures, including sex reassignment surgery and mastectomies, in 1999, and several other regions have followed their lead in the following years. Multiple interdisciplinary clinics exist in Spain to cater specifically to diagnosing and treating transgender patients, including ...
Surgery on genitalia had been done prior to 1971 but only for patients who had both male and female reproductive organs. The first sexual reassignment surgery, a male to female sex reassignment surgery, was done in July 1971 at Kandang Kerbau Hospital. The person was a 24-year-old Chinese Singaporean and had extensively cross dressed by her ...
The first physician to perform sex reassignment surgery in the United States was Los Angeles-based urologist Elmer Belt, who quietly performed operations from the early 1950s until 1968. [citation needed] In 1966, Johns Hopkins University opened the first sex reassignment surgery clinic in America. The Hopkins Gender Identity Clinic was made up ...
Gender-affirming surgery for female-to-male transgender people includes a variety of surgical procedures that alter anatomical traits to provide physical traits more comfortable to the trans man's male identity and functioning. Often used to refer to phalloplasty, metoidoplasty, or vaginectomy, sex reassignment surgery can also more broadly ...