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Sewage treatment (or domestic wastewater treatment, municipal wastewater treatment) is a type of wastewater treatment which aims to remove contaminants from sewage to produce an effluent that is suitable to discharge to the surrounding environment or an intended reuse application, thereby preventing water pollution from raw sewage discharges. [6]
In the majority of the developing world, most of the collected wastewater is returned to surface waters directly without treatment, reducing the water's quality. [28] In China, only 38% of China's urban wastewater is treated, and although 91% of China's industrial waste water is treated, it still releases extensive toxins into the water supply ...
Sewage treatment (or domestic wastewater treatment, municipal wastewater treatment) is a type of wastewater treatment which aims to remove contaminants from sewage to produce an effluent that is suitable to discharge to the surrounding environment or an intended reuse application, thereby preventing water pollution from raw sewage discharges. [ 2]
Waste stabilization ponds are used worldwide for wastewater treatment and are especially suitable for developing countries that have warm climates. [2] They are frequently used to treat sewage and industrial effluents , but may also be used for treatment of municipal run-off or stormwater .
There still exists large disparities among sub-Saharan African countries, and between the urban and rural areas. Usually, water is provided by utilities in urban areas and municipalities or community groups in rural areas. Sewerage networks are not common and wastewater treatment is even less common.
For domestic wastewater the treatment plant is called a Sewage Treatment. Municipal wastewater or sewage are other names for domestic wastewater. For industrial wastewater, treatment takes place in a separate Industrial wastewater treatment, or in a sewage treatment plant. In the latter case it usually follows pre-treatment.
The two "means of achieving" targets are to expand water and sanitation support to developing countries, and to support local engagement in water and sanitation management. [4] The first three targets relate to drinking water supply, sanitation services, and wastewater treatment and reuse. [12]
Sewage (or domestic wastewater) consists of wastewater discharged from residences and from commercial, institutional and public facilities that exist in the locality. [2]: 10 Sewage is a mixture of water (from the community's water supply), human excreta (feces and urine), used water from bathrooms, food preparation wastes, laundry wastewater, and other waste products of normal living.
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