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Vascular dementia. Vascular dementia is dementia caused by a series of strokes. [2] [4] Restricted blood flow due to strokes reduces oxygen and glucose delivery to the brain, causing cell injury and neurological deficits in the affected region. [6] Subtypes of vascular dementia include subcortical vascular dementia, multi-infarct dementia ...
Binswanger's disease, also known as subcortical leukoencephalopathy and subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy, [ 1] is a form of small-vessel vascular dementia caused by damage to the white brain matter. [ 2] White matter atrophy can be caused by many circumstances including chronic hypertension as well as old age. [ 3]
The diagnosis can also serve as an early indicator for other types of dementia, although MCI may remain stable or even remit. [4] Mild cognitive impairment has been relisted as mild neurocognitive disorder in DSM-5, and in ICD-11, [5] the latter effective on 1 January 2022. [6]
290.xx Vascular dementia.40 Uncomplicated.41 With delirium.42 With delusions.43 With depressed mood; 294.1x Dementia due to HIV disease (coded 294.9 in the DSM-IV) 294.1x Dementia due to head trauma (coded 294.1 in the DSM-IV) 294.1x Dementia due to Parkinson's disease (coded 294.9 in the DSM-IV)
2.4 million (2016) [ 9] Dementia is a syndrome associated with many neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by a general decline in cognitive abilities that affects a person's ability to perform everyday activities. This typically involves problems with memory, thinking, behavior, and motor control. [ 10]
Frontotemporal dementia is an early onset disorder that mostly occurs between the ages of 45 and 65, [ 13] but can begin earlier, and in 20–25% of cases onset is later. [ 11][ 14] Men and women appear to be equally affected. [ 15] It is the most common early presenting dementia. [ 16]
The NINCDS-ADRDA Alzheimer's Criteria were proposed in 1984 by the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (now known as the Alzheimer's Association) and are among the most used in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). [ 1]
Medical condition Dementia with Lewy bodies Other names Diffuse Lewy body disease, dementia due to Lewy body disease Microscopic image of a Lewy body (arrowhead) in a neuron of the substantia nigra ; scale bar=20 microns (0.02 mm) Specialty Neurology, psychiatry Symptoms Dementia, abnormal behavior during REM sleep, fluctuations in alertness, visual hallucinations, parkinsonism Usual onset ...