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Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) are a class of medication used primarily for the treatment of high blood pressure and heart failure. [1] [2] This class of medicine works by causing relaxation of blood vessels as well as a decrease in blood volume, which leads to lower blood pressure and decreased oxygen demand from the heart.
Amlodipine. Amlodipine, sold under the brand name Norvasc among others, is a calcium channel blocker medication used to treat high blood pressure, coronary artery disease (CAD) [ 10] and variant angina (also called Prinzmetal angina or coronary artery vasospasm, among other names). [ 11] It is taken orally (swallowed by mouth).
The pathophysiology of hypertension is an area which attempts to explain mechanistically the causes of hypertension, which is a chronic disease characterized by elevation of blood pressure. Hypertension can be classified by cause as either essential (also known as primary or idiopathic) or secondary. About 90–95% of hypertension is essential ...
Metoprolol, sold under the brand name Lopressor among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, angina, and a number of conditions involving an abnormally fast heart rate. [ 4] It is also used to prevent further heart problems after myocardial infarction and to prevent headaches in those with migraines. [ 4]
Angiotensin-converting enzyme. Angiotensin-converting enzyme ( EC 3.4.15.1 ), or ACE, is a central component of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), which controls blood pressure by regulating the volume of fluids in the body. It converts the hormone angiotensin I to the active vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. Therefore, ACE indirectly ...
Hypertensive crisis. Severely elevated blood pressure (equal to or greater than 180 mmHg systolic or 120 mmHg diastolic) is referred to as a hypertensive crisis (sometimes termed malignant or accelerated hypertension), due to the high risk of complications. People with blood pressures in this range may have no symptoms, but are more likely to ...
COVID-19 infection may trigger the development of high blood pressure, new research shows. Researchers found that COVID-19 infections had a much higher association with hypertension than influenza.
The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures is known as pulse pressure, [1] while the average pressure during a cardiac cycle is known as mean arterial pressure. [2] Blood pressure is one of the vital signs—together with respiratory rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and body temperature—that healthcare professionals use ...