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Several specific diagnostic criteria can be used to diagnose vascular dementia, including the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria, the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edition (ICD-10) criteria, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke criteria, Association ...
Binswanger in 1894 was the first to claim that white matter atrophy caused by 'vascular insufficiency' can result in dementia. He described a patient who had slow progression of dementia as well as subcortical white matter atrophy, ventricle enlargement, aphasia, hemianopsia, and hemiparesis. [9]
More than one type of dementia, known as mixed dementia, may exist together in about 10% of dementia cases. [2] The most common type of mixed dementia is Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. [87] This particular type of mixed dementia's main onsets are a mixture of old age, high blood pressure, and damage to blood vessels in the brain. [15]
Frontotemporal dementia is an early onset disorder that mostly occurs between the ages of 45 and 65, [13] but can begin earlier, and in 20–25% of cases onset is later. [11] [14] Men and women appear to be equally affected. [15]
The diagnosis can also serve as an early indicator for other types of dementia, although MCI may remain stable or even remit. [4] Mild cognitive impairment has been relisted as mild neurocognitive disorder in DSM-5, and in ICD-11, [5] the latter effective on 1 January 2022. [6]
Researchers and physicians are working to establish a standard definition and diagnostic criteria for PCA. [18] PCA may also be correlated with Lewy body disease, Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, Bálint's syndrome, and Gerstmann syndrome. [9] [10] [19] In addition, PCA may result in part from mutations in the presenilin 1 gene . [10]
Not only that, they had a 52 percent lower risk of vascular dementia, and a 39 percent lower risk of Alzheimer’s dementia. People who took SGLT-2 inhibitors for longer periods of time seemed to ...
Ischemia is the loss of blood flow to the focal region of the brain. This produces heterogeneous areas of ischemia at the affected vascular region, furthermore, blood flow is limited to a residual flow. Regions with blood flow of less than 10 mL/100 g of tissue/min are core regions (cells here die within minutes of a stroke).