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A mnemonic which includes color name (s) generally reduces the chances of confusing black and brown. Some mnemonics that are easy to remember: B eetle B ailey R uns O ver Y our G eneral B efore V ery G ood W itnesses. B each B ums R arely O ffer Y ou G atorade B ut V ery G ood W ater. B etter B e R ight O r Y our G reat B ig V acation G oes W ...
Tetrahedral molecular geometry. In a tetrahedral molecular geometry, a central atom is located at the center with four substituents that are located at the corners of a tetrahedron. The bond angles are cos −1 (− 1⁄3) = 109.4712206...° ≈ 109.5° when all four substituents are the same, as in methane ( CH4) [1] [2] as well as its heavier ...
Standard Model of Particle Physics. The diagram shows the elementary particles of the Standard Model (the Higgs boson, the three generations of quarks and leptons, and the gauge bosons ), including their names, masses, spins, charges, chiralities, and interactions with the strong, weak and electromagnetic forces. It also depicts the crucial role of the Higgs boson in electroweak symmetry ...
An electronic color code or electronic colour code (see spelling differences) is used to indicate the values or ratings of electronic components, usually for resistors, but also for capacitors, inductors, diodes and others. A separate code, the 25-pair color code, is used to identify wires in some telecommunications cables. Different codes are used for wire leads on devices such as ...
Exterior angle theorem. The exterior angle theorem is Proposition 1.16 in Euclid's Elements, which states that the measure of an exterior angle of a triangle is greater than either of the measures of the remote interior angles. This is a fundamental result in absolute geometry because its proof does not depend upon the parallel postulate .
In the theory of three-dimensional rotation, Rodrigues' rotation formula, named after Olinde Rodrigues, is an efficient algorithm for rotating a vector in space, given an axis and angle of rotation. By extension, this can be used to transform all three basis vectors to compute a rotation matrix in SO (3), the group of all rotation matrices, from an axis–angle representation. In terms of Lie ...
Differential form. In mathematics, differential forms provide a unified approach to define integrands over curves, surfaces, solids, and higher-dimensional manifolds. The modern notion of differential forms was pioneered by Élie Cartan. It has many applications, especially in geometry, topology and physics.
In differential geometry, a Lie-algebra-valued form is a differential form with values in a Lie algebra. Such forms have important applications in the theory of connections on a principal bundle as well as in the theory of Cartan connections .