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Avoidance of AV-nodal-blocking medication, pacemaker. Second-degree atrioventricular block (AV block) is a disease of the electrical conduction system of the heart. It is a conduction block between the atria and ventricles. The presence of second-degree AV block is diagnosed when one or more (but not all) of the atrial impulses fail to conduct ...
Atrioventricular block. Atrioventricular block ( AV block) is a type of heart block that occurs when the electrical signal traveling from the atria, or the upper chambers of the heart, to ventricles, or the lower chambers of the heart, is impaired. Normally, the sinoatrial node (SA node) produces an electrical signal to control the heart rate.
The first heart sound, or S 1, forms the "lub" of "lub-dub" and is composed of components M 1 (mitral valve closure) and T 1 (tricuspid valve closure). Normally M 1 precedes T 1 slightly. It is caused by the closure of the atrioventricular valves , i.e. tricuspid and mitral (bicuspid), at the beginning of ventricular contraction, or systole .
Heart block. Heart block ( HB) [ 1] is a disorder in the heart 's rhythm due to a fault in the natural pacemaker. [ 2] This is caused by an obstruction – a block – in the electrical conduction system of the heart. Sometimes a disorder can be inherited. Despite the severe-sounding name, heart block may cause no symptoms at all in some cases ...
Right axis deviation. The electrical axis of the heart is the net direction in which the wave of depolarization travels. It is measured using an electrocardiogram (ECG). Normally, this begins at the sinoatrial node (SA node); from here the wave of depolarisation travels down to the apex of the heart. The hexaxial reference system can be used to ...
Sinus rhythm. A sinus rhythm is any cardiac rhythm in which depolarisation of the cardiac muscle begins at the sinus node. [ 1] It is necessary, but not sufficient, for normal electrical activity within the heart. [ 2] On the electrocardiogram (ECG), a sinus rhythm is characterised by the presence of P waves that are normal in morphology. [ 2]
A long PR interval (of over 200 ms) indicates a slowing of conduction between the atria and ventricles, usually due to slow conduction through the atrioventricular node (AV node). [1] This is known as first degree heart block. [1] Prolongation can be associated with fibrosis of the AV node, high vagal tone, medications that slow the AV node ...
Sinus tachycardia is a normal response to physical exercise or other stress, when the heart rate increases to meet the body's higher demand for energy and oxygen, but sinus tachycardia can also be caused by a health problem. An elite athlete's heart recorded during a maximum effort workout maintaining over 180 bpm for 10 minutes.