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Abu al-Qasim Abbas ibn Firnas ibn Wirdas al-Takurini ( Arabic: أبو القاسم عباس بن فرناس بن ورداس التاكرني; c. 809/810 – 887 A.D. ), known as Abbas ibn Firnas ( Arabic: عباس ابن فرناس) was an Andalusi polymath: [ 1][ 2][ 3] an inventor, astronomer, physician, chemist, engineer, Andalusi musician ...
Ismail Raji al-Faruqi ( Arabic: إسماعيل راجي الفاروقي, romanized : Ismāʿīl Rājī al-Fārūqī; [ʔisˈmæːʕiːl ˈɾaːdʒiː ɪl.fɑːˈɾuːqiː]; January 1, 1921 – May 27, 1986) was a Palestinian-American philosopher who worked extensively in Islamic studies and interfaith dialogue.
Steel mill: By the 11th century, much of the Islamic world had industrial steel watermills in operation, from Al-Andalus and North Africa to the Middle East and Central Asia. [ 84] Weight -driven clock: Arabic engineers invented water clocks driven by gears and weights in the 11th century.
The development of scripts in the Islamic empire, demonstrates the transition from an oral culture to convey information to a written form. Traditionally speaking in the Islamic empire, Arabic calligraphy was the common form of recording texts. Calligraphy is the practice or art of decorative handwriting. [3]
Types of postal stamps. There are six types [ 4] postal stamps are in circulation in India: Commemorative stamp of Mahatma Gandhi. Commemorative stamps: A commemorative stamp is often issued on a significant date such as an anniversary, to honour or commemorate a place, event, person, or object.
During the twentieth century, the Islamic world introduction to modern science was facilitated by the expansion of educational systems. For example, in 1900 and 1925, Istanbul and Cairo opened universities. In these universities, new concerns have emerged among the students.
A postman collecting mail for delivery. The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letters, and parcels. [ 1] A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century, national postal systems have generally been established as a government ...
The first Moroccan postal stamps were produced in 1891 by private companies which managed courier services between cities.. The system was replaced after a reorganization in 1911, the Sherifian post was created to handle local mail, and produced two series of stamps which were valid for use until 1915 and until 1919 in Tangier.