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Embryo. An embryo is the initial stage of development for a multicellular organism. In organisms that reproduce sexually, embryonic development is the part of the life cycle that begins just after fertilization of the female egg cell by the male sperm cell. The resulting fusion of these two cells produces a single-celled zygote that undergoes ...
1 - blastula, 2 - gastrula with blastopore; orange - ectoderm, red - endoderm. Embryology (from Greek ἔμβρυον, embryon, "the unborn, embryo "; and -λογία, -logia) is the branch of animal biology that studies the prenatal development of gametes (sex cells), fertilization, and development of embryos and fetuses.
In developmental biology, animal embryonic development, also known as animal embryogenesis, is the developmental stage of an animal embryo. Embryonic development starts with the fertilization of an egg cell (ovum) by a sperm cell, ( spermatozoon ). [1] Once fertilized, the ovum becomes a single diploid cell known as a zygote.
e. Human embryonic development or human embryogenesis is the development and formation of the human embryo. It is characterised by the processes of cell division and cellular differentiation of the embryo that occurs during the early stages of development. In biological terms, the development of the human body entails growth from a one-celled ...
The theory of recapitulation, also called the biogenetic law or embryological parallelism—often expressed using Ernst Haeckel's phrase "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny"—is an historical hypothesis that the development of the embryo of an animal, from fertilization to gestation or hatching (), goes through stages resembling or representing successive adult stages in the evolution of the ...
Comparative embryology offered not only powerful arguments in support of a branching order of nature, but also powerful insights into the deep relationships between natural groups of organisms such as reptiles, birds, and mammals. In fact, Darwin found comparative embryology to offer a key to the recognition of common ancestry.
In placental mammals, the sperm cells exit from the urethra through the penis for males while the egg cells exit through the oviduct to the uterus for females. Other vertebrates of both sexes possess a cloaca for the release of sperm or egg cells. Sexual reproduction is the most common life cycle in multicellular eukaryotes, such as animals ...
Dormancy is a period in an organism 's life cycle when growth, development, and (in animals) physical activity are temporarily stopped. This minimizes metabolic activity and therefore helps an organism to conserve energy. Dormancy tends to be closely associated with environmental conditions. Organisms can synchronize entry to a dormant phase ...