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In Wikidata. Estrogen ( British English: oestrogen; see spelling differences) is a category of sex hormone responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. [1] [2] There are three major endogenous estrogens that have estrogenic hormonal activity: estrone (E1), estradiol (E2 ...
Endogeny (biology) Endogenous substances and processes are those that originate from within a living system such as an organism, tissue, or cell. [1] In contrast, exogenous substances and processes are those that originate from outside of an organism. For example, estradiol is an endogenous estrogen hormone produced within the body, whereas ...
Sex hormones, also known as sex steroids, gonadocorticoids and gonadal steroids, are steroid hormones that interact with vertebrate steroid hormone receptors. [1] The sex hormones include the androgens, estrogens, and progestogens. Their effects are mediated by slow genomic mechanisms through nuclear receptors as well as by fast nongenomic ...
In the female, estradiol acts as a growth hormone for tissue of the reproductive organs, supporting the lining of the vagina, the cervical glands, the endometrium, and the lining of the fallopian tubes. It enhances growth of the myometrium. Estradiol appears necessary to maintain oocytes in the ovary. During the menstrual cycle, estradiol ...
Estrone is an estrogen, specifically an agonist of the estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ. [1] [5] It is a far less potent estrogen than is estradiol, and as such, is a relatively weak estrogen. [1] [5] [6] Given by subcutaneous injection in mice, estradiol is about 10-fold more potent than estrone and about 100-fold more potent than estriol. [7]
An androgen (from Greek andr-, the stem of the word meaning "man") is any natural or synthetic steroid hormone that regulates the development and maintenance of male characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors. [1] [2] This includes the embryological development of the primary male sex organs, and the development of male ...
Endorphins (contracted from endogenous morphine) [1] [2] [3] are peptides produced in the brain that block the perception of pain and increase feelings of wellbeing. They are produced and stored in the pituitary gland of the brain. Endorphins are endogenous painkillers often produced in the brain and adrenal medulla during physical exercise or ...
Phytoestrogen. A phytoestrogen is a plant-derived xenoestrogen (a type of estrogen produced by organisms other than humans) not generated within the endocrine system, but consumed by eating plants or manufactured foods. [ 1] Also called a "dietary estrogen", it is a diverse group of naturally occurring nonsteroidal plant compounds that, because ...