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The beam diameter or beam width of an electromagnetic beam is the diameter along any specified line that is perpendicular to the beam axis and intersects it. Since beams typically do not have sharp edges, the diameter can be defined in many different ways. Five definitions of the beam width are in common use: D4σ, 10/90 or 20/80 knife-edge, 1 ...
A laser beam profiler captures, displays, and records the spatial intensity profile of a laser beam at a particular plane transverse to the beam propagation path. Since there are many types of lasers— ultraviolet, visible, infrared, continuous wave, pulsed, high-power, low-power—there is an assortment of instrumentation for measuring laser ...
For a Gaussian beam, the BPP is the product of the beam's divergence and waist size w 0. The BPP of a real beam is obtained by measuring the beam's minimum diameter and far-field divergence, and taking their product. The ratio of the BPP of the real beam to that of an ideal Gaussian beam at the same wavelength is known as M 2 ("M squared").
The equation for the divergence of a pure Gaussian TEM 00 unfocused beam propagating through space is given by =, (1) where D 00 is the diameter of the beam waist, and λ is the wavelength. Higher mode beams often start with a larger beam waist, D 0, and/or have a faster divergence Θ 0. In this case Equation (1) becomes
The diameter of the multimode beam is then M times that of the embedded Gaussian beam everywhere, and the divergence is M times greater, but the wavefront curvature is the same. The multimode beam has M 2 times the beam area but 1/M 2 less beam intensity than the embedded beam. This holds true for any given optical system, and thus the minimum ...
Beam parameter product. In laser science, the beam parameter product ( BPP) is the product of a laser beam's divergence angle (half-angle) and the radius of the beam at its narrowest point (the beam waist ). [ 1] The BPP quantifies the quality of a laser beam, and how well it can be focused to a small spot.
An I-beam used to support the first floor of a house. An I-beam is any of various structural members with an I - or H -shaped cross-section. Technical terms for similar items include H-beam, I-profile, universal column ( UC ), w-beam (for "wide flange"), universal beam ( UB ), rolled steel joist ( RSJ ), or double-T (especially in Polish ...
A Bessel beam is a wave whose amplitude is described by a Bessel function of the first kind. [ 1][ 2][ 3] Electromagnetic, acoustic, gravitational, and matter waves can all be in the form of Bessel beams. A true Bessel beam is non-diffractive. This means that as it propagates, it does not diffract and spread out; this is in contrast to the ...
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