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  2. Program counter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Program_counter

    The program counter ( PC ), [ 1] commonly called the instruction pointer ( IP) in Intel x86 and Itanium microprocessors, and sometimes called the instruction address register ( IAR ), [ 2][ 1] the instruction counter, [ 3] or just part of the instruction sequencer, [ 4] is a processor register that indicates where a computer is in its program ...

  3. Code generation (compiler) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_generation_(compiler)

    In computing, code generation is part of the process chain of a compiler and converts intermediate representation of source code into a form (e.g., machine code) that can be readily executed by the target system. Sophisticated compilers typically perform multiple passes over various intermediate forms. This multi-stage process is used because ...

  4. Machine code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_code

    The program counter is typically set to a hard coded value when the CPU is first powered on, and will hence execute whatever machine code happens to be at this address. Similarly, the program counter can be set to execute whatever machine code is at some arbitrary address, even if this is not valid machine code. This will typically trigger an ...

  5. x86 instruction listings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86_instruction_listings

    Cryptographic (e.g. RDRAND, AES-NI) Discontinued (e.g. 3DNow!, MPX, XOP) v. t. e. The x86 instruction set refers to the set of instructions that x86 -compatible microprocessors support. The instructions are usually part of an executable program, often stored as a computer file and executed on the processor.

  6. Hardware random number generator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware_random_number...

    A USB-pluggable hardware true random number generator. In computing, a hardware random number generator (HRNG), true random number generator (TRNG), non-deterministic random bit generator (NRBG), [1] or physical random number generator [2] [3] is a device that generates random numbers from a physical process capable of producing entropy (in other words, the device always has access to a ...

  7. Counter machine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter_machine

    A counter machine or counter automaton is an abstract machine used in a formal logic and theoretical computer science to model computation. It is the most primitive of the four types of register machines. A counter machine comprises a set of one or more unbounded registers, each of which can hold a single non-negative integer, and a list of ...

  8. Register machine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Register_machine

    Register machine. In mathematical logic and theoretical computer science, a register machine is a generic class of abstract machines, analogous to a Turing machine and thus Turing complete. Unlike a Turing machine that uses a tape and head, a register machine utilizes multiple uniquely addressed registers to store non-negative integers.

  9. Code generation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_generation

    Code generation (compiler), a mechanism to produce the executable form of computer programs, such as machine code, in some automatic manner. Automatic programming (source code generation), the act of generating source code based on an ontological model such as a template. Generating code at run time in self-modifying code and just-in-time ...