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Pipeline (Unix) A pipeline of three program processes run on a text terminal. In Unix-like computer operating systems, a pipeline is a mechanism for inter-process communication using message passing. A pipeline is a set of processes chained together by their standard streams, so that the output text of each process ( stdout) is passed directly ...
tee (command) In computing, tee is a command in command-line interpreters ( shells) using standard streams which reads standard input and writes it to both standard output and one or more files, effectively duplicating its input. [1] It is primarily used in conjunction with pipes and filters.
A good example for command piping is combining echo with another command to achieve something interactive in a non-interactive shell, e.g. echo-e 'user pass' | ftp localhost. This runs the ftp client with input user, press return, then pass. In casual use, the initial step of a pipeline is often cat or echo, reading from a file or string.
Commands can be connected using a pipe, which causes the output of one command to be fed into the input of the next. Both commands run concurrently. | means connect stdout to stdin of the next command. Errors still come to the shell window. |& means connect both stdout and stderr to stdin of the next command. Running concurrently means "in ...
A grid computing system that connects many personal computers over the Internet via inter-process network communication. In computer science, inter-process communication ( IPC ), also spelled interprocess communication, are the mechanisms provided by an operating system for processes to manage shared data. Typically, applications can use IPC ...
The former allocates the first available descriptor, just like open() behaves; an alternative way to duplicate a file descriptor to an unspecified place is the fcntl system call with F_DUPFD command. The latter places the copy into newfd. If newfd is open, it is closed first. dup2 for input/output redirection
cksum. Checksums (IEEE Ethernet CRC-32) and count the bytes in a file. Supersedes other *sum utilities with -a option from version 9.0. comm. Compares two sorted files line by line. csplit. Splits a file into sections determined by context lines. cut. Removes sections from each line of files.
System call. A high-level overview of the Linux kernel's system call interface, which handles communication between its various components and the userspace. In computing, a system call (commonly abbreviated to syscall) is the programmatic way in which a computer program requests a service from the operating system [a] on which it is executed.