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Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors ( AGIs) are oral anti-diabetic drugs used for diabetes mellitus type 2 that work by preventing the digestion of carbohydrates (such as starch and table sugar ). Carbohydrates are normally converted into simple sugars ( monosaccharides) by alpha-glucosidase enzymes present on cells lining the intestine, enabling ...
Diabetes medication. Drugs used in diabetes treat diabetes mellitus by decreasing glucose levels in the blood. With the exception of insulin, most GLP-1 receptor agonists ( liraglutide, exenatide, and others), and pramlintide, all diabetes medications are administered orally and are thus called oral hypoglycemic agents or oral antihyperglycemic ...
The American Diabetes Association and the American College of Physicians both recommend metformin as a first-line agent to treat type 2 diabetes. [34] [35] [36] It is as effective as repaglinide and more effective than all other oral drugs for type 2 diabetes. [37]
392 million (2015) [ 11] Type 2 diabetes ( T2D ), formerly known as adult-onset diabetes, is a form of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. [ 6] Common symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue and unexplained weight loss. [ 3]
Diabetes management. The term diabetes includes several different metabolic disorders that all, if left untreated, result in abnormally high concentrations of a sugar called glucose in the blood. Diabetes mellitus type 1 results when the pancreas no longer produces significant amounts of the hormone insulin, usually owing to the autoimmune ...
Side effects. Side effects include weight gain and hypoglycemia. While the potential for hypoglycemia is less than for those on sulfonylureas, [citation needed] it is still a serious potential side effect that can be life-threatening. Patients on this medication should know the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and appropriate management.
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor. Inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 ( DPP-4 inhibitors or gliptins) are a class of oral hypoglycemics that block the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). They can be used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2 . The first agent of the class – sitagliptin – was approved by the FDA in 2006.
Dulaglutide, sold under the brand name Trulicity among others, [6] is a medication used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in combination with diet and exercise. [7] [8] It is also approved in the United States for the reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes who have established cardiovascular disease or multiple cardiovascular risk factors. [9]