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The list below includes all these, and other, influential schools of thought in psychology: Activity-oriented approach. Analytical psychology. Anti-psychiatry. Anomalistic psychology. Associationism. Behaviorism (see also radical behaviorism) Behavioural genetics. Bioenergetics.
v. t. e. Cognitive psychology is the scientific study of mental processes such as attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity, and reasoning. [1] Cognitive psychology originated in the 1960s in a break from behaviourism, which held from the 1920s to 1950s that unobservable mental processes were outside the realm of ...
In psychology, constructivism refers to many schools of thought that, though extraordinarily different in their techniques (applied in fields such as education and psychotherapy ), are all connected by a common critique of previous standard approaches, and by shared assumptions about the active constructive nature of human knowledge.
Doctoral advisor. Edward B. Titchener. Margaret Floy Washburn [1] (July 25, 1871 – October 29, 1939), was a leading American psychologist in the early 20th century, was best known for her experimental work in animal behavior and motor theory development. She was the first woman to be granted a PhD in psychology (1894); the second woman, after ...
Psychology. Cognitive restructuring ( CR) is a psychotherapeutic process of learning to identify and dispute irrational or maladaptive thoughts known as cognitive distortions, [ 1] such as all-or-nothing thinking (splitting), magical thinking, overgeneralization, magnification, [ 1] and emotional reasoning, which are commonly associated with ...
Object relations theory is a school of thought in psychoanalytic theory and psychoanalysis centered around theories of stages of ego development. Its concerns include the relation of the psyche to others in childhood and the exploration of relationships between external people, as well as internal images and the relations found in them. [1]
Humanistic psychology. Humanistic psychology is a psychological perspective that arose in the mid-20th century in answer to two theories: Sigmund Freud 's psychoanalytic theory and B. F. Skinner 's behaviorism. [1] Thus, Abraham Maslow established the need for a "third force" in psychology. [2] The school of thought of humanistic psychology ...
Cognitive style. Cognitive style or thinking style is a concept used in cognitive psychology to describe the way individuals think, perceive and remember information. Cognitive style differs from cognitive ability (or level), the latter being measured by aptitude tests or so-called intelligence tests. There is controversy over the exact meaning ...