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A geometric design saved on construction costs and improved visibility with the intention to reduce the likelihood of traffic incidents. The geometric design of roads is the branch of highway engineering concerned with the positioning of the physical elements of the roadway according to standards and constraints. The basic objectives in ...
A two-way residential frontage road (left) parallel to a busy major highway Freeflowing frontage road. A frontage road (also known as an access road, outer road, service road, feeder road, or parallel road) is a local road running parallel to a higher-speed, limited-access road. A frontage road is often used to provide access to private ...
Standards for Interstate Highways in the United States are defined by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) in the publication A Policy on Design Standards: Interstate System. For a certain highway to be considered an Interstate Highway, it must meet these construction requirements or obtain a waiver ...
Construction site safety. Construction site safety is an aspect of construction -related activities concerned with protecting construction site workers and others from death, injury, disease or other health-related risks. Construction is an often hazardous, predominantly land-based activity where site workers may be exposed to various risks ...
A site plan or a plot plan is a type of drawing used by architects, landscape architects, urban planners, and engineers which shows existing and proposed conditions for a given area, typically a parcel of land which is to be modified. Sites plan typically show buildings, roads, sidewalks and paths/trails, parking, drainage facilities, sanitary ...
The nearly perfect squareness and north–south orientation of the Great Pyramid of Giza, built c. 2700 BC, affirm the Egyptians' command of surveying. [2]A recent reassessment of Stonehenge (c.2500 BC) suggests that the monument was set out by prehistoric surveyors using peg and rope geometry.
A junction that connects a controlled-access facility to a lower-order facility, such as an arterial or collector road. [4] The mainline is the controlled-access highway in a service interchange, while the crossroad is the lower-order facility that often includes at-grade intersections or roundabouts, which may pass over or under the mainline. [5]
The AASHO road test was to study the performance of pavement structures of known thickness under moving loads of known magnitude and frequency. [citation needed] The study was carried out from August 1956 to November 30, 1960 in Ottawa, Illinois [2] and has been used as a primary source of experimental data when vehicle wear to highways is ...