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Decorator pattern. In object-oriented programming, the decorator pattern is a design pattern that allows behavior to be added to an individual object, dynamically, without affecting the behavior of other instances of the same class. [ 1] The decorator pattern is often useful for adhering to the Single Responsibility Principle, as it allows ...
Montgomery modular multiplication relies on a special representation of numbers called Montgomery form. The algorithm uses the Montgomery forms of a and b to efficiently compute the Montgomery form of ab mod N. The efficiency comes from avoiding expensive division operations. Classical modular multiplication reduces the double-width product ab ...
Monty Hall problem. In search of a new car, the player chooses a door, say 1. The game host then opens one of the other doors, say 3, to reveal a goat and offers to let the player switch from door 1 to door 2. The Monty Hall problem is a brain teaser, in the form of a probability puzzle, based nominally on the American television game show Let ...
Five whys (or 5 whys) is an iterative interrogative technique used to explore the cause-and-effect relationships underlying a particular problem. [ 1] The primary goal of the technique is to determine the root cause of a defect or problem by repeating the question "why?"
Timsort is a stable sorting algorithm (order of elements with same key is kept) and strives to perform balanced merges (a merge thus merges runs of similar sizes). In order to achieve sorting stability, only consecutive runs are merged. Between two non-consecutive runs, there can be an element with the same key inside the runs.
The Zen of Python is a collection of 19 "guiding principles" for writing computer programs that influence the design of the Python programming language. [1] Python code that aligns with these principles is often referred to as "Pythonic". [2] Software engineer Tim Peters wrote this set of principles and posted it on the Python mailing list in ...
Python is a multi-paradigm programming language. Object-oriented programming and structured programming are fully supported, and many of their features support functional programming and aspect-oriented programming (including metaprogramming [ 70] and metaobjects ). [ 71] Many other paradigms are supported via extensions, including design by ...
A "Hello, World!" program is generally a simple computer program which emits (or displays) to the screen (often the console) a message similar to "Hello, World!" while ignoring any user input. A small piece of code in most general-purpose programming languages, this program is used to illustrate a language's basic syntax.