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Sewage treatment (or domestic wastewater treatment) is a type of wastewater treatment that aims to remove contaminants from sewage to produce an effluent that is suitable to discharge or reuse. Sewage treatment plants (STPs) are facilities that process sewage using various technologies and criteria.
Learn about the different types of wastewater treatment plants, such as sewage, industrial, agricultural and leachate, and the processes they use to remove contaminants and produce effluent. Find out the global trends, challenges and examples of wastewater treatment and reuse.
A comprehensive list of various methods and processes for treating wastewater, with brief descriptions and references. Learn about activated sludge, anaerobic digestion, membrane bioreactor, reverse osmosis, and more.
Learn about the processes, sources, contaminants and sectors of industrial wastewater treatment. Industrial wastewater is the by-product of various industries that may contain pollutants such as heavy metals, organic matter, nutrients, toxins, radionuclides and microplastics.
Usually, permitted point sources of water pollution, such as wastewater treatment plants, have high discharge treatment costs, whereas nonpoint sources of water pollution, such as agriculture, have low costs of pollution reduction. Therefore, it is generally assumed that most trades would take place between point sources and nonpoint sources. [54]
The Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (full title "Council Directive 91/271/EEC of 21 May 1991 concerning urban waste-water treatment") is a European Union directive regarding urban wastewater collection, wastewater treatment and its discharge, as well as the treatment and discharge of "waste water from certain industrial sectors".
This is achieved by measuring chemical or biomarkers in wastewater generated by the people contributing to a sewage treatment plant catchment. [1] Wastewater-based epidemiology has been used to estimate illicit drug use in communities or populations, but can be used to measure the consumption of alcohol, caffeine, various pharmaceuticals and ...
A membrane bioreactor is a combination of membrane filtration and biological wastewater treatment processes. Learn about the submerged and side stream configurations, the membrane materials, the advantages and challenges of this technology, and its history and market.