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The term sewage treatment plant (STP) (or sewage treatment works) is nowadays often replaced with the term wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). [7] [8] Strictly speaking, the latter is a broader term that can also refer to industrial wastewater treatment. The terms water recycling center or water reclamation plants are also in use as synonyms.
Waste water reuse is an ancient practice, which has been applied since the dawn of human history, and is connected to the development of sanitation provision. [9] Reuse of untreated municipal wastewater has been practiced for many centuries with the objective of diverting human waste outside of urban settlements. Likewise, land application of ...
Sewage treatment plant (a type of wastewater treatment plant) in La Crosse, Wisconsin. Wastewater treatment is a process which removes and eliminates contaminants from wastewater. It thus converts it into an effluent that can be returned to the water cycle. Once back in the water cycle, the effluent creates an acceptable impact on the environment.
Water pollution was identified as a growing problem in the US by scientists, government officials and the public in the 19th century. Many cities and towns piped their untreated domestic sewage into nearby waterways. Wastewater discharged by factories, mines and other businesses increased as the economy expanded.
Three wastewater/sewage clarifiers at the ʻAikahi wastewater treatment plant in Hawaii. They appear to have a floating cover [dubious – discuss] to reduce the odor because the plant is very close to a residential area. Circular clarifier with surface skimmer visible in the lower right.
Sequence of reclamation from left: raw sewage, sewage treatment plant effluent, and finally reclaimed water (after several treatment steps). Water reclamation is the process of converting municipal wastewater or sewage and industrial wastewater into water that can be reused for a variety of purposes .
Desiccation cracks in dried sludge, the hard final remains from a sewage plant. Sewage sludge is the residual, semi-solid material that is produced as a by-product during sewage treatment of industrial or municipal wastewater. The term " septage " also refers to sludge from simple wastewater treatment but is connected to simple on-site ...
Groundwater pollution, water pollution e.g. during floods [ 1 ] A septic tank is an underground chamber made of concrete, fiberglass, or plastic through which domestic wastewater (sewage) flows for basic sewage treatment. [ 2 ] Settling and anaerobic digestion processes reduce solids and organics, but the treatment efficiency is only moderate ...