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For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. Urdu ( / ˈʊərduː /; اُردُو, Urdu: [ʊɾduː] ⓘ; ALA-LC:Urdū) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia. [10] [11] It is the national language and lingua franca of Pakistan, where it is also an official language alongside English. [12]
Distribution of Pakistanis speaking Urdu as a first language in 1998 Although the majority of Urdu-speakers reside in Pakistan (including 30 million native speakers, [5] and up to 94 million second-language speakers), [12] where Urdu is the national and official language, most speakers who use Urdu as their native tongue live in northern India ...
Although only about 9% of Pakistanis speak it as their first language, it is widely spoken and understood as a second language by the vast majority of Pakistanis. [13] [14] Urdu was chosen as a symbol of unity for the new state of Pakistan in 1947, because it had already served as a lingua franca among Muslims in north and northwest British ...
India has a Greenberg's diversity index of 0.914—i.e. two people selected at random from the country will have different native languages in 91.4% of cases. [11] As per the 2011 Census of India, languages by highest number of speakers are as follows: Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, Telugu, Tamil, Gujarati, Urdu, Kannada, Odia, Malayalam.
Persian and Urdu are distinct languages. Persian is classified as an Iranian language, whereas Urdu is an Indo-Aryan language. They fall under the larger grouping of the Indo-Iranian languages, and hence share some linguistic features due to common descent . However, the majority of influence from Persian is direct, through a process often ...
The largest Urdu-speaking communities in the UK are predominantly found in Northern England. Urdu is the most spoken language, after English, in cities like Manchester, where in certain areas like Rusholme, Longsight and Cheetham Hill, signs and posters in Urdu are a common sight, and often used to promote businesses and products.
The Hindi–Urdu controversy arose in 19th century colonial India out of the debate over whether Modern Standard Hindi or Standard Urdu should be chosen as a national language . Hindi and Urdu are mutually intelligible as spoken languages, to the extent that they are sometimes considered to be dialects or registers of a single spoken language ...
States of India by Urdu speakers. As per Government of India census data of 2011, the total number of Urdu speakers in the Republic of India were 62,772,631. [1] [2] According to the census guidelines, "Urdu" does not broadly refer to the Hindostani language, but the literary- register of the macrolanguage, hence accounting Hindi as a separate ...