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India is home to 10.9% of the world's Muslim population. [93][97] According to Pew Research Center, there can be 213 million Muslims in 2020, India's 15% population. [98][99] Indian Muslim have a fertility rate of 2.36, the highest in the nation as per as according to year 2019-21 estimation. [100]
India is the country with the largest Muslim population outside Muslim-majority countries with more than 200 million adherents. [24] The Middle East-North Africa region hosts 23% of the world's Muslims, and Islam is the dominant religion in every country in the region [25] other than Israel. [9]
A notable development specific to the study of physics is that women in Muslim-majority countries enjoy significantly greater representation than their counterparts in the United States: in the US, women make up 21% of physics undergraduates and 20% of PhD students, while the equivalent figures for Muslim-majority nations are 60%+ and 47% ...
Most Muslim women in Canada wear some form of Islamic head-covering based on the available data. In a 2016 Environics poll, 73% of Canadian Muslim women reported wearing some sort of head-covering in public (58% wear hijab, 13% wear chador and 2% wear niqab). Wearing a head covering in public had also increased since the 2006 survey. [371]
The Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent mainly took place between the 13th and the 18th centuries, establishing the Indo-Muslim period. [1][2] Earlier Muslim conquests in the subcontinent include the invasions which started in the northwestern subcontinent (modern-day Pakistan), especially the Umayyad campaigns during the 8th century.
In Islamic culture, the roles played by men and women are equally important. Gender roles viewed from an Islamic perspective are based on the Qur'an and emphasize the dynamic structure of the family. [17] As in any socio-cultural group, gender roles vary depending on the conservative or liberal nature of the specific group.
Shia Islam was brought to the Indian subcontinent during the final years of the Rashidun Caliphate. The Indian subcontinent also served as a refuge for some Shias escaping persecution from Umayyads, Abbasids, Ayyubids, and Ottomans. The immigration continued throughout the second millennium until the formation of modern nation states.
Khaleda Zia. The two women have ruled Bangladesh as prime ministers since 1991. [25][26] As the third most populous Muslim-majority country, Bangladesh has been ruled, as of 2023, for the last 32 years by female Prime Ministers [27] by electing Khaleda Zia [28][29] and Sheikh Hasina as prime ministers. Sheikh Hasina.