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  2. Sunrise equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunrise_equation

    Sunrise equation. A contour plot of the hours of daylight as a function of latitude and day of the year, using the most accurate models described in this article. It can be seen that the area of constant day and constant night reach up to the polar circles (here labeled "Anta. c." and "Arct. c."), which is a consequence of the earth's inclination.

  3. Orbital period - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_period

    For example, Deimos's synodic period is 1.2648 days, 0.18% longer than Deimos's sidereal period of 1.2624 d. [citation needed] Synodic periods relative to other planets. The concept of synodic period applies not just to the Earth, but also to other planets as well, and the formula for computation is the same as the one given above.

  4. Equation of time - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation_of_time

    λ = ν + λp, the Sun's true longitude on the ecliptic. The celestial sphere and the Sun's elliptical orbit as seen by a geocentric observer looking normal to the ecliptic showing the 6 angles ( M, λp, α, ν, λ, E) needed for the calculation of the equation of time. For the sake of clarity the drawings are not to scale.

  5. Solar time - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_time

    Solar time is a calculation of the passage of time based on the position of the Sun in the sky. The fundamental unit of solar time is the day, based on the synodic rotation period. Traditionally, there are three types of time reckoning based on astronomical observations: apparent solar time and mean solar time (discussed in this article), and ...

  6. Sidereal time - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidereal_time

    Sidereal time is a "time scale that is based on Earth's rate of rotation measured relative to the fixed stars ". [1] Viewed from the same location, a star seen at one position in the sky will be seen at the same position on another night at the same time of day (or night), if the day is defined as a sidereal day (also known as the sidereal ...

  7. Time in physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_physics

    In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of time is the second (symbol: ). It is a SI base unit, and has been defined since 1967 as "the duration of 9,192,631,770 [cycles] of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom". [12]

  8. Settling time - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Settling_time

    Tay, Mareels and Moore (1998) defined settling time as "the time required for the response curve to reach and stay within a range of certain percentage (usually 5% or 2%) of the final value." Mathematical detail. Settling time depends on the system response and natural frequency.

  9. Calendrical calculation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendrical_calculation

    A calendrical calculation is a calculation concerning calendar dates. Calendrical calculations can be considered an area of applied mathematics . Some examples of calendrical calculations: Converting a Julian or Gregorian calendar date to its Julian day number and vice versa (see § Julian day number calculation within that article for details ...