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The case method is a teaching approach that uses decision-forcing cases to put students in the role of people who were faced with difficult decisions at some point in the past. It developed during the course of the twentieth-century from its origins in the casebook method of teaching law pioneered by Harvard legal scholar Christopher C. Langdell.
Casebook method. The casebook method, similar to but not exactly the same as the case method, is the primary method of teaching law in law schools in the United States. [1] It was pioneered at Harvard Law School by Christopher Columbus Langdell. [1] It is based on the principle that rather than studying highly abstract summaries of legal rules ...
Spatial weight matrix. The concept of a spatial weight is used in spatial analysis to describe neighbor relations between regions on a map. [ 1] If location is a neighbor of location then otherwise . Usually (though not always) we do not consider a site to be a neighbor of itself [ 2] so . These coefficients are encoded in the spatial weight ...
The most common case is the case in which the graph admits a one-sided-perfect matching (i.e., a matching of size r), and s=r. Unbalanced assignment can be reduced to a balanced assignment. The naive reduction is to add n − r {\displaystyle n-r} new vertices to the smaller part and connect them to the larger part using edges of cost 0.
Dummy variable (statistics) A graph showing the gender wage gap. In regression analysis, a dummy variable (also known as indicator variable or just dummy) is one that takes a binary value (0 or 1) to indicate the absence or presence of some categorical effect that may be expected to shift the outcome. [ 1] For example, if we were studying the ...
In numerical analysis, the Runge–Kutta methods ( English: / ˈrʊŋəˈkʊtɑː / ⓘ RUUNG-ə-KUUT-tah[ 1]) are a family of implicit and explicit iterative methods, which include the Euler method, used in temporal discretization for the approximate solutions of simultaneous nonlinear equations. [ 2]
Totality of the circumstances. In the law, the totality of the circumstances test refers to a method of analysis where decisions are based on all available information rather than bright-line rules. [ 1] Under the totality of the circumstances test, courts focus "on all the circumstances of a particular case, rather than any one factor". [ 2]
Bell's theorem. Bell's theorem is a term encompassing a number of closely related results in physics, all of which determine that quantum mechanics is incompatible with local hidden-variable theories, given some basic assumptions about the nature of measurement. "Local" here refers to the principle of locality, the idea that a particle can only ...