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Basalt ( UK: / ˈbæsɔːlt, - əlt /; [ 1] US: / bəˈsɔːlt, ˈbeɪsɔːlt /) [ 2] is an aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low- viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron ( mafic lava) exposed at or very near the surface of a rocky planet or moon. More than 90% of all volcanic rock on Earth is ...
Lonar Lake, also known as Lonar crater, is a saline, soda lake, located at Lonar, 79 km from Buldhana city in Buldhana district, Maharashtra, India. It is a notified National Geo-heritage Monument, [2] [3] [4] Lonar Lake is in an astrobleme created by a meteorite impact during the Pleistocene Epoch. [5] [6] It is one of only four known hyper ...
Moon rock. Olivine basalt collected from the rim of Hadley Rille by the crew of Apollo 15. Moon rock or lunar rock is rock originating from Earth's Moon. This includes lunar material collected during the course of human exploration of the Moon, and rock that has been ejected naturally from the Moon's surface and landed on Earth as meteorites .
Sudbury Basin. / 46.600°N 81.183°W / 46.600; -81.183. The Sudbury Basin ( / ˈsʌdbəri / ), also known as Sudbury Structure or the Sudbury Nickel Irruptive, is a major geological structure in Ontario, Canada. It is the third-largest known impact structure on Earth, as well as one of the oldest. [ 1] The structure, the eroded remnant ...
The upper basalt is Roza Member, while the lower canyon exposes Frenchmen Springs Member basalt. A flood basalt (or plateau basalt [1]) is the result of a giant volcanic eruption or series of eruptions that covers large stretches of land or the ocean floor with basalt lava. Many flood basalts have been attributed to the onset of a hotspot ...
Allan Hills 84001 ( ALH84001 [1]) is a fragment of a Martian meteorite that was found in the Allan Hills in Antarctica on December 27, 1984, by a team of American meteorite hunters from the ANSMET project. Like other members of the shergottite – nakhlite – chassignite (SNC) group of meteorites, ALH84001 is thought to have originated on Mars.
Tektite. Two splash-form tektites, molten terrestrial ejecta from a meteorite impact. Tektites (from Ancient Greek τηκτός (tēktós) 'molten') are gravel -sized bodies composed of black, green, brown or grey natural glass formed from terrestrial debris ejected during meteorite impacts. The term was coined by Austrian geologist Franz ...
Achondrite. A eucrite achondrite from the Millbillillie meteorite shower. An achondrite [1] is a stony meteorite that does not contain chondrules. [2] [3] It consists of material similar to terrestrial basalts or plutonic rocks and has been differentiated and reprocessed to a lesser or greater degree due to melting and recrystallization on or ...