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Marxism. " From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs " ( German: Jeder nach seinen Fähigkeiten, jedem nach seinen Bedürfnissen) is a slogan popularised by Karl Marx in his 1875 Critique of the Gotha Programme. [ 1][ 2] The principle refers to free access to and distribution of goods, capital and services. [ 3]
v. t. e. " To each according to his contribution " is a principle of distribution considered to be one of the defining features of socialism. It refers to an arrangement whereby individual compensation is representative of one's contribution to the social product (total output of the economy) in terms of effort, labor and productivity. [ 1 ...
Karl Marx. Karl Marx ( German: [maʁks]; 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German-born philosopher, political theorist, economist, historian, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His best-known works are the 1848 pamphlet The Communist Manifesto (with Friedrich Engels) and his three-volume Das Kapital (1867–1894); the ...
The Critique of the Gotha Programme, published after his death, was among Marx's last major writings. The letter is named after the Gotha Programme, a proposed party platform manifesto for a forthcoming party congress that was to take place in the town of Gotha. At the party congress, the SDAP ("Eisenachers", based in Eisenach) planned to unite ...
Dialectical materialism is a materialist theory based upon the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that has found widespread applications in a variety of philosophical disciplines ranging from philosophy of history to philosophy of science. [ 1][ 2] As a materialist philosophy, Marxist dialectics emphasizes the importance of real-world ...
Karl Marx's theory of alienation describes the estrangement (German: Entfremdung) of people from aspects of their human nature ( Gattungswesen, 'species-essence') as a consequence of the division of labour and living in a society of stratified social classes. The alienation from the self is a consequence of being a mechanistic part of a social ...
According to a note from Marx in the Manuscripts of 1844, the term is derived from Ludwig Feuerbach 's philosophy, in which it refers both to the nature of each human and of humanity as a whole. [ 1] In the sixth Theses on Feuerbach (1845), Marx criticizes the traditional conception of human nature as a species which incarnates itself in each ...
The Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 ( German: Ökonomisch-philosophische Manuskripte aus dem Jahre 1844 ), also known as the Paris Manuscripts[ 1] ( Pariser Manuskripte) or as the 1844 Manuscripts, [ 1] are a series of notes written between April and August 1844 by Karl Marx. They were compiled and published posthumously in 1932 by ...