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The socialist mode of production, or simply (Marxist) socialism or communism as Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels used the terms communism and socialism interchangeably, [ 1][ 2] is a specific historical phase of economic development and its corresponding set of social relations that emerge from capitalism in the schema of historical materialism ...
History of socialism. The history of socialism has its origins in the Age of Enlightenment and the 1789 French Revolution, along with the changes that brought, although it has precedents in earlier movements and ideas. The Communist Manifesto was written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in 1847-48 just before the Revolutions of 1848 swept ...
Karl Marx. Karl Marx ( German: [maʁks]; 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German-born philosopher, political theorist, economist, historian, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His best-known works are the 1848 pamphlet The Communist Manifesto (with Friedrich Engels) and his three-volume Das Kapital (1867–1894); the ...
In the 1844 book The Holy Family, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels described the writings of the socialist, communist writers Théodore Dézamy and Jules Gay as truly "scientific". [3] Later in 1880, Engels used the term "scientific socialism" to describe Marx's social-political-economic theory.
— Russian Marxist theoretician and revolutionary Vladimir Lenin, 1913 Society does not consist of individuals, but expresses the sum of interrelations, the relations within which these individuals stand. — Karl Marx, Grundrisse, 1858 Marxism uses a materialist methodology, referred to by Marx and Engels as the materialist conception of history and later better known as historical ...
Karl Marx believed that expansion of the productive forces and technology was the basis for the expansion of human freedom and that socialism, being a system that is consistent with modern developments in technology, would enable the flourishing of "free individualities" through the progressive reduction of necessary labour time.
Karl Marx, influential German socialist thinker and economist. Karl Marx's approach, which Friedrich Engels would call "scientific socialism", would stand as the branching point in economic theory. In one direction went those who rejected the capitalist system as fundamentally anti-social, arguing that it could never be harnessed to effectively ...
Some are in favour of a socialist revolution (e.g. Maoism, Marxism–Leninism, revolutionary socialism, social anarchism and Trotskyism) whilst others tend to support reform instead (e.g. Fabianism and individualist anarchism ). Others believe both are possible (e.g. syndicalism or various forms of Marxism ).
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