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Ion. Electron transfer between lithium (Li) and fluorine (F). Forming an ionic bond, Li and F become Li + and F − ions. An ion ( / ˈaɪ.ɒn, - ən /) [ 1] is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge. The charge of an electron is considered to be negative by convention and this charge is equal and opposite to the charge of a proton ...
Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bonding that involves the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, or between two atoms with sharply different electronegativities, [ 1] and is the primary interaction occurring in ionic compounds. It is one of the main types of bonding, along with covalent bonding and metallic bonding.
Salt (chemistry) The crystal structure of sodium chloride, NaCl, a typical salt. The purple spheres represent sodium cations, Na +, and the green spheres represent chloride anions, Cl −. The yellow stipples show the electrostatic forces. In chemistry, a salt or ionic compound is a chemical compound consisting of an assembly of positively ...
Ionization (or ionisation specifically in Britain, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand) is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. The resulting electrically charged atom or molecule is called an ion.
In chemistry, hydronium (hydroxonium in traditional British English) is the cation [H 3 O] +, also written as H 3 O +, the type of oxonium ion produced by protonation of water.It is often viewed as the positive ion present when an Arrhenius acid is dissolved in water, as Arrhenius acid molecules in solution give up a proton (a positive hydrogen ion, H +) to the surrounding water molecules (H 2 O).
Lewis structures – also called Lewis dot formulas, Lewis dot structures, electron dot structures, or Lewis electron dot structures ( LEDs ) – are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule, as well as the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule. [ 1][ 2][ 3] A Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently ...
Another class of oxonium ions encountered in organic chemistry is the oxocarbenium ions, obtained by protonation or alkylation of a carbonyl group e.g. R−C= + −R′ which forms a resonance structure with the fully-fledged carbocation R− + −O−R′ and is therefore especially stable:
Base (chemistry) Soaps are weak bases formed by the reaction of fatty acids with sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. In chemistry, there are three definitions in common use of the word " base ": Arrhenius bases, Brønsted bases, and Lewis bases. All definitions agree that bases are substances that react with acids, as originally proposed ...