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Computational genomics. Computational genomics refers to the use of computational and statistical analysis to decipher biology from genome sequences and related data, [1] including both DNA and RNA sequence as well as other "post-genomic" data (i.e., experimental data obtained with technologies that require the genome sequence, such as genomic ...
Genetics and the Origin of Species is a 1937 book by the Ukrainian-American evolutionary biologist Theodosius Dobzhansky. It is regarded as one of the most important works of modern synthesis and was one of the earliest. The book popularized the work of population genetics to other biologists and influenced their appreciation for the genetic ...
The code emerges at a transition when the mapping of codons to amino acids becomes nonrandom. The code's emergence is governed by the topology defined by the probable errors and is related to the map coloring problem. [109] Game theory: Models based on signaling games combine elements of game theory, natural selection and information channels ...
In the second to last chapter, Patterns of Evolution, Dobzhansky explained how on the path to a new adaptation, a method could be used to where a species could go through a less adaptive stage. The last chapter, Species as Natural Units, Dobzhansky explained some of the contributions made in genetics to what was called "the new systematics."
An additional method in comparative genomics is genetic mapping. In genetic mapping, visualizing synteny is one way to see the preserved order of genes on chromosomes. It is usually used for chromosomes of related species, both of which result from a common ancestor. [58] This and other methods can shed light on evolutionary history.
The central dogma of molecular biology deals with the flow of genetic information within a biological system. It is often stated as "DNA makes RNA, and RNA makes protein", [ 1] although this is not its original meaning. It was first stated by Francis Crick in 1957, [ 2][ 3] then published in 1958: [ 4][ 5]
Research estimates of heritability have standard errors, just as have all estimated statistics. [53] Where the numerator variance is the whole Genotypic variance (σ 2 G), the heritability is known as the "broadsense" heritability (H 2). It quantifies the degree to which variability in an attribute is determined by genetics as a whole.
Genetics is the study of genes and tries to explain what they are and how they work. Genes are how living organisms inherit features or traits from their ancestors; for example, children usually look like their parents because they have inherited their parents' genes. Genetics tries to identify which traits are inherited and to explain how ...