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Karl Marx. Karl Marx ( German: [maʁks]; 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German-born philosopher, political theorist, economist, historian, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His best-known works are the 1848 pamphlet The Communist Manifesto (with Friedrich Engels) and his three-volume Das Kapital (1867–1894); the ...
Dialectical materialism is a materialist theory based upon the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that has found widespread applications in a variety of philosophical disciplines ranging from philosophy of history to philosophy of science. [ 1][ 2] As a materialist philosophy, Marxist dialectics emphasizes the importance of real-world ...
Historical materialism is Karl Marx 's theory of history. Marx located historical change in the rise of class societies and the way humans labor together to make their livelihoods. [ 1] Karl Marx stated that technological development can change the modes of production over time. This change in the mode of production inevitably encourages ...
Marx's "base determines superstructure" axiom, however, requires qualification: the base is the whole of productive relationships, not only a given economic element, e.g. the working class historically, the superstructure varies and develops unevenly in society's different activities; for example, art, politics, economics, etc.
Economics portal. Marxism portal. v. t. e. The labor theory of value ( LTV) is a theory of value that argues that the exchange value of a good or service is determined by the total amount of "socially necessary labor" required to produce it. The contrasting system is typically known as the subjective theory of value .
t. e. Various Marxist authors have focused on Marx's method of analysis and presentation (historical materialist and logically dialectical) as key factors both in understanding the range and incisiveness of Karl Marx 's writing in general, his critique of political economy, as well as Grundrisse and Das Kapital in particular. One of the ...
Marxist historiography, or historical materialist historiography, is an influential school of historiography. The chief tenets of Marxist historiography include the centrality of social class, social relations of production in class-divided societies that struggle against each other, and economic constraints in determining historical outcomes ...
t. e. Scientific socialism is a term which was coined in 1840 by Pierre-Joseph Proudhon in his book What is Property? [ 1] to mean a society ruled by a scientific government, i.e., one whose sovereignty rests upon reason, rather than sheer will: [ 2] Thus, in a given society, the authority of man over man is inversely proportional to the stage ...