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Vascular dementia is dementia caused by a series of strokes. [2] [4] Restricted blood flow due to strokes reduces oxygen and glucose delivery to the brain, causing cell injury and neurological deficits in the affected region. [6] Subtypes of vascular dementia include subcortical vascular dementia, multi-infarct dementia, stroke-related dementia ...
Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures ( PNES ), also referred to as pseudoseizures, non-epileptic attack disorder ( NEAD ), functional seizures, or dissociative seizures,[ 2][ 3] are episodes resembling an epileptic seizure but without the characteristic electrical discharges associated with epilepsy. [ 4][ 3] PNES fall under the category of ...
Spinocerebellar ataxia ( SCA) is a progressive, degenerative, [ 1] genetic disease with multiple types, each of which could be considered a neurological condition in its own right. An estimated 150,000 people in the United States have a diagnosis of spinocerebellar ataxia at any given time. SCA is hereditary, progressive, degenerative, and ...
Medical condition Dementia with Lewy bodies Other names Diffuse Lewy body disease, dementia due to Lewy body disease Microscopic image of a Lewy body (arrowhead) in a neuron of the substantia nigra ; scale bar=20 microns (0.02 mm) Specialty Neurology, psychiatry Symptoms Dementia, abnormal behavior during REM sleep, fluctuations in alertness, visual hallucinations, parkinsonism Usual onset ...
Delirium or Acute organic brain syndrome is a recently appearing state of mental impairment, as a result of intoxication, drug overdose, infection, pain, and many other physical problems affecting mental status. In medical contexts, "acute" means "of recent onset". As is the case with most acute disease problems, acute organic brain syndrome is ...
Frequency. 40 per 100,000 people per year[2] Status epilepticus(SE), or status seizure, is a medical condition consisting of a single seizurelasting more than 5 minutes, or 2 or more seizures within a 5-minute period without the person returning to normal between them. [3][1]Previous definitions used a 30-minute time limit.[2]
Signs and symptoms. "Encephalopathy" is a general term describing brain malfunctions and "toxic" asserts that the malfunction is caused by toxins on the brain. The most prominent characteristic of toxic encephalopathy is an altered mental status. Acute intoxication is a reversible symptom of exposure to many synthetic chemical neurotoxicants.
A focal seizure is generated in and affects just one part of the brain – a whole hemisphere or part of a lobe. Symptoms will vary according to where the seizure occurs. When seizures occur in the frontal lobe, the patient may experience a wave-like sensation in the head. When seizures occur in the temporal lobe, a feeling of déjà vu may be ...