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The expected return (or expected gain) on a financial investment is the expected value of its return (of the profit on the investment). It is a measure of the center of the distribution of the random variable that is the return. [ 1] It is calculated by using the following formula: where. is the return in scenario ; is the probability for the ...
In business, Gross Margin Return on Inventory Investment (GMROII, also GMROI) [ 1] is a ratio which expresses a seller's return on every unit of currency spent on inventory. It is one way to determine how profitable the seller's inventory is, and describes the relationship between the profit earned from total sales, and the amount invested in ...
Return on investment. Return on investment ( ROI) or return on costs ( ROC) is the ratio between net income (over a period) and investment (costs resulting from an investment of some resources at a point in time). A high ROI means the investment's gains compare favourably to its cost. As a performance measure, ROI is used to evaluate the ...
Cash-flow return on investment. Cash-flow return on investment (CFROI) is a valuation model that assumes the stock market sets prices based on cash flow, not on corporate performance and earnings. [ 1] For the corporation, it is essentially internal rate of return (IRR). [ 2] CFROI is compared to a hurdle rate to determine if investment/product ...
The simple Dietz method [1] is a means of measuring historical investment portfolio performance, compensating for external flows into/out of the portfolio during the period. [2] The formula for the simple Dietz return is as follows: where. R {\displaystyle R} is the portfolio rate of return, A {\displaystyle A} is the beginning market value,
The time-weighted return (TWR)[ 1][ 2] is a method of calculating investment return, where returns over sub-periods are compounded together, with each sub-period weighted according to its duration. The time-weighted method differs from other methods of calculating investment return, in the particular way it compensates for external flows.
Social return on investment ( SROI) is a principles-based method for measuring extra-financial value (such as environmental or social value) not otherwise reflected or involved in conventional financial accounts. The method can be used by any entity to evaluate impact on stakeholders, identify ways to improve performance, and enhance the ...
The rate of return on a portfolio can be calculated indirectly as the weighted average rate of return on the various assets within the portfolio. [3] The weights are proportional to the value of the assets within the portfolio, to take into account what portion of the portfolio each individual return represents in calculating the contribution of that asset to the return on the portfolio.